K. 516d

降E大调单簧管五重奏回旋曲（残篇），K. 516d

by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Silverpoint drawing of Mozart by Dora Stock, 1789
Mozart, silverpoint by Dora Stock, 1789 — last authenticated portrait

莫扎特为单簧管与弦乐所写的降E大调《回旋曲》（K. 516d），是1787年维也纳时期遗存下来的一段短小残篇。它仅以不完整的草稿形式保存，却让人得以一瞥莫扎特在18世纪80年代末为单簧管家安东·施塔德勒所探索、逐渐成形的室内乐风格。[1]

已知情况

现存仅有一份极为简短的《回旋曲》残篇，编制为单簧管与弦乐四重奏（两把小提琴、中提琴与低音声部——演出中常由大提琴/低音提琴加以实现）。[1] 《新莫扎特全集》（Neue Mozart-Ausgabe）将其著录为降E大调的 Andante Rondo（K. 516d），并将其创作地点与时间定为1787年的维也纳。[1] 也正是在同一维也纳时期，莫扎特开始将单簧管作为真正抒情的室内乐伙伴来对待——这一写法不久便在完成的A大调《单簧管五重奏》K. 581（1789）中充分绽放。[2]

音乐内容

该残篇标明为回旋曲，并注明 Andante，暗示其更接近温和从容的反复段落设计，而非炫技式的终曲。[1] 现存部分似乎勾勒出降E大调中由单簧管奏出、弦乐伴奏的开端主旨——在莫扎特的木管写作里，降E大调常与温暖、开阔的音响气质相关联。由于乐思几乎一开始便戛然而止，其更大的结构规划（插部的安排、主回旋段的回归，以及任何收束性的终止处理）仅凭手稿本身已无法可靠复原。[1]

Mozart Symphonies Nos. 40 & 41 — Miniature Study Score (Dover)

Sheet Music

Mozart Symphonies Nos. 40 & 41 — Miniature Study Score (Dover)

Mozart / Dover Publications

Pocket study scores of the two most famous symphonies — K.550 (G minor) and K.551 (Jupiter). 112 pages.

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Eine kleine Nachtmusik K.525 — Violin & Piano Sheet Music

Sheet Music

Eine kleine Nachtmusik K.525 — Violin & Piano Sheet Music

Mozart

Printed violin & piano arrangement of Mozart's most popular work.

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Mozart Requiem — Claudio Abbado / Berliner Philharmoniker (Blu-ray)

Concert Blu-ray

Mozart Requiem — Claudio Abbado / Berliner Philharmoniker (Blu-ray)

Claudio Abbado / Karita Mattila, Sara Mingardo, Michael Schade, Bryn Terfel

Abbado and Berlin Phil — star-studded soloists, HD Blu-ray quality.

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Così fan tutte — Vienna Philharmonic / Muti

Opera DVD

Così fan tutte — Vienna Philharmonic / Muti

Mozart / Riccardo Muti

Highly regarded Vienna recording of Così fan tutte.

View on Amazon →
Le Nozze di Figaro — Glyndebourne 1994, Haitink / Renée Fleming

Prime Video

Le Nozze di Figaro — Glyndebourne 1994, Haitink / Renée Fleming

Bernard Haitink (cond.) · Gerald Finley, Renée Fleming, Alison Hagley

Haitink at Glyndebourne with Gerald Finley, Alison Hagley, and Renée Fleming as the Countess — chosen to reopen the refurbished Glyndebourne in 1994.

View on Amazon →
Mozart Symphonies Nos. 40 & 41 — Miniature Study Score (Dover)

Sheet Music

Mozart Symphonies Nos. 40 & 41 — Miniature Study Score (Dover)

Mozart / Dover Publications

Pocket study scores of the two most famous symphonies — K.550 (G minor) and K.551 (Jupiter). 112 pages.

View on Amazon →
Eine kleine Nachtmusik K.525 — Violin & Piano Sheet Music

Sheet Music

Eine kleine Nachtmusik K.525 — Violin & Piano Sheet Music

Mozart

Printed violin & piano arrangement of Mozart's most popular work.

View on Amazon →
Mozart Requiem — Claudio Abbado / Berliner Philharmoniker (Blu-ray)

Concert Blu-ray

Mozart Requiem — Claudio Abbado / Berliner Philharmoniker (Blu-ray)

Claudio Abbado / Karita Mattila, Sara Mingardo, Michael Schade, Bryn Terfel

Abbado and Berlin Phil — star-studded soloists, HD Blu-ray quality.

View on Amazon →
Così fan tutte — Vienna Philharmonic / Muti

Opera DVD

Così fan tutte — Vienna Philharmonic / Muti

Mozart / Riccardo Muti

Highly regarded Vienna recording of Così fan tutte.

View on Amazon →
Le Nozze di Figaro — Glyndebourne 1994, Haitink / Renée Fleming

Prime Video

Le Nozze di Figaro — Glyndebourne 1994, Haitink / Renée Fleming

Bernard Haitink (cond.) · Gerald Finley, Renée Fleming, Alison Hagley

Haitink at Glyndebourne with Gerald Finley, Alison Hagley, and Renée Fleming as the Countess — chosen to reopen the refurbished Glyndebourne in 1994.

View on Amazon →
Mozart Symphonies Nos. 40 & 41 — Miniature Study Score (Dover)

Sheet Music

Mozart Symphonies Nos. 40 & 41 — Miniature Study Score (Dover)

Mozart / Dover Publications

Pocket study scores of the two most famous symphonies — K.550 (G minor) and K.551 (Jupiter). 112 pages.

View on Amazon →
Eine kleine Nachtmusik K.525 — Violin & Piano Sheet Music

Sheet Music

Eine kleine Nachtmusik K.525 — Violin & Piano Sheet Music

Mozart

Printed violin & piano arrangement of Mozart's most popular work.

View on Amazon →
Mozart Requiem — Claudio Abbado / Berliner Philharmoniker (Blu-ray)

Concert Blu-ray

Mozart Requiem — Claudio Abbado / Berliner Philharmoniker (Blu-ray)

Claudio Abbado / Karita Mattila, Sara Mingardo, Michael Schade, Bryn Terfel

Abbado and Berlin Phil — star-studded soloists, HD Blu-ray quality.

View on Amazon →
Così fan tutte — Vienna Philharmonic / Muti

Opera DVD

Così fan tutte — Vienna Philharmonic / Muti

Mozart / Riccardo Muti

Highly regarded Vienna recording of Così fan tutte.

View on Amazon →
Le Nozze di Figaro — Glyndebourne 1994, Haitink / Renée Fleming

Prime Video

Le Nozze di Figaro — Glyndebourne 1994, Haitink / Renée Fleming

Bernard Haitink (cond.) · Gerald Finley, Renée Fleming, Alison Hagley

Haitink at Glyndebourne with Gerald Finley, Alison Hagley, and Renée Fleming as the Countess — chosen to reopen the refurbished Glyndebourne in 1994.

View on Amazon →
Mozart Symphonies Nos. 40 & 41 — Miniature Study Score (Dover)

Sheet Music

Mozart Symphonies Nos. 40 & 41 — Miniature Study Score (Dover)

Mozart / Dover Publications

Pocket study scores of the two most famous symphonies — K.550 (G minor) and K.551 (Jupiter). 112 pages.

View on Amazon →
Eine kleine Nachtmusik K.525 — Violin & Piano Sheet Music

Sheet Music

Eine kleine Nachtmusik K.525 — Violin & Piano Sheet Music

Mozart

Printed violin & piano arrangement of Mozart's most popular work.

View on Amazon →
Mozart Requiem — Claudio Abbado / Berliner Philharmoniker (Blu-ray)

Concert Blu-ray

Mozart Requiem — Claudio Abbado / Berliner Philharmoniker (Blu-ray)

Claudio Abbado / Karita Mattila, Sara Mingardo, Michael Schade, Bryn Terfel

Abbado and Berlin Phil — star-studded soloists, HD Blu-ray quality.

View on Amazon →
Così fan tutte — Vienna Philharmonic / Muti

Opera DVD

Così fan tutte — Vienna Philharmonic / Muti

Mozart / Riccardo Muti

Highly regarded Vienna recording of Così fan tutte.

View on Amazon →
Le Nozze di Figaro — Glyndebourne 1994, Haitink / Renée Fleming

Prime Video

Le Nozze di Figaro — Glyndebourne 1994, Haitink / Renée Fleming

Bernard Haitink (cond.) · Gerald Finley, Renée Fleming, Alison Hagley

Haitink at Glyndebourne with Gerald Finley, Alison Hagley, and Renée Fleming as the Countess — chosen to reopen the refurbished Glyndebourne in 1994.

View on Amazon →
Mozart Symphonies Nos. 40 & 41 — Miniature Study Score (Dover)

Sheet Music

Mozart Symphonies Nos. 40 & 41 — Miniature Study Score (Dover)

Mozart / Dover Publications

Pocket study scores of the two most famous symphonies — K.550 (G minor) and K.551 (Jupiter). 112 pages.

View on Amazon →
Eine kleine Nachtmusik K.525 — Violin & Piano Sheet Music

Sheet Music

Eine kleine Nachtmusik K.525 — Violin & Piano Sheet Music

Mozart

Printed violin & piano arrangement of Mozart's most popular work.

View on Amazon →
Mozart Requiem — Claudio Abbado / Berliner Philharmoniker (Blu-ray)

Concert Blu-ray

Mozart Requiem — Claudio Abbado / Berliner Philharmoniker (Blu-ray)

Claudio Abbado / Karita Mattila, Sara Mingardo, Michael Schade, Bryn Terfel

Abbado and Berlin Phil — star-studded soloists, HD Blu-ray quality.

View on Amazon →
Così fan tutte — Vienna Philharmonic / Muti

Opera DVD

Così fan tutte — Vienna Philharmonic / Muti

Mozart / Riccardo Muti

Highly regarded Vienna recording of Così fan tutte.

View on Amazon →
Le Nozze di Figaro — Glyndebourne 1994, Haitink / Renée Fleming

Prime Video

Le Nozze di Figaro — Glyndebourne 1994, Haitink / Renée Fleming

Bernard Haitink (cond.) · Gerald Finley, Renée Fleming, Alison Hagley

Haitink at Glyndebourne with Gerald Finley, Alison Hagley, and Renée Fleming as the Countess — chosen to reopen the refurbished Glyndebourne in 1994.

View on Amazon →

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[1] Digital Mozart Edition / Neue Mozart-Ausgabe (NMA) table of contents: lists K. 516d as “Andante Rondo in E flat … (fragment)” with scoring and dating information

[2] Digital Mozart Edition / Neue Mozart-Ausgabe (NMA) same volume contents: contextual listing of K. 581 (Clarinet Quintet) alongside the appendix fragments K. 516c and K. 516d