K. Anh.H 11,18

C大调卡农：三声部合一（K. Anh.H 11,18）

di Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Unfinished portrait of Mozart by Lange, 1782-83
Mozart, unfinished portrait by Joseph Lange, c. 1782–83

莫扎特的《C大调卡农：三声部合一》（K. Anh.H 11,18）是一则极短、无歌词的对位练习，可能写于1786年的维也纳。它仅通过后世传抄得以保存，并被视为真伪存疑之作；尽管如此，它仍折射出莫扎特维也纳朋友圈中那种融洽相聚、机敏即兴的卡农写作风气。

背景与语境

《C大调卡农：三声部合一》通常被断为1786年（6月3日之后）维也纳之作。当时30岁的莫扎特一方面享有公众层面的成功（包括《Le nozze di Figaro》在首演后的持续回响），另一方面也在朋友、学生与同行之间的私人音乐活动中保持着频繁而稳定的创作与实践。[1] 这首作品的来源材料十分有限，归属问题仍不确定；它在《Neue Mozart-Ausgabe》中被置于卡农及相关材料之列，而非归入那些文献记录更为确凿的声乐作品。[2]

音乐特征

从谱面上看，这是严格意义上的“三合一”卡农：只写出一条旋律线，通过在固定的时间间隔进行模仿来生成三个声部，于明亮的C大调中形成紧密交织的对位。[2] 由于没有填入歌词，它更像具有功能性的、近乎“实验室”式的练习——可用中性音节演唱，也便于用来示范卡农的写作机制。

即便无法有把握地确认作者身份，这首作品仍可合理地与莫扎特在1780年代中期对短小、受规则约束形式的明确兴趣并置：将学究式技法压缩进一则微型作品，便于三位具备能力的歌者立即尝试演唱。[2]

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Affordable Dover edition of Mozart's letters — complete selection, unbeatable price.

View on Amazon →
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Focused analysis of all Mozart's operas — ideal companion for opera pages on the site.

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The Magic Flute — Royal Opera House (2022)

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Julia Jones (cond.) · Roderick Williams · Orchestra of the Royal Opera House

Royal Opera House production conducted by Julia Jones. Roderick Williams stars as Papageno in this visually spectacular Covent Garden staging.

View on Amazon →
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Affordable Dover edition of Mozart's letters — complete selection, unbeatable price.

View on Amazon →
Mozart and His Operas

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Focused analysis of all Mozart's operas — ideal companion for opera pages on the site.

View on Amazon →
Don Giovanni — Aix-en-Provence Festival (2010)

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View on Amazon →
Amadeus (1984) — Prime Video

Prime Movie

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Miloš Forman (dir)

Oscar-winning biographical film about Mozart — drives Prime sign-ups from classical music fans.

View on Amazon →
The Magic Flute — Royal Opera House (2022)

Prime Video

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Julia Jones (cond.) · Roderick Williams · Orchestra of the Royal Opera House

Royal Opera House production conducted by Julia Jones. Roderick Williams stars as Papageno in this visually spectacular Covent Garden staging.

View on Amazon →
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Affordable Dover edition of Mozart's letters — complete selection, unbeatable price.

View on Amazon →
Mozart and His Operas

Book

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David Cairns

Focused analysis of all Mozart's operas — ideal companion for opera pages on the site.

View on Amazon →
Don Giovanni — Aix-en-Provence Festival (2010)

Prime Video

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Louis Langrée (cond.) · Dmitri Tcherniakov (stage) · Freiburger Barockorchester

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View on Amazon →

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[1] MozartPortal composition page giving basic catalogue data for K. Anh.H 11,18 (key, place, date-after, cross-reference K6 508A).

[2] Digital Mozart Edition (Mozarteum): Neue Mozart-Ausgabe online table of contents for NMA III/10 (Canons), listing K. Anh. H 11/18 (K6: 508A) and its placement among canons/appendix materials.