K. 708

b小调钢琴Adagio（残篇），K. 708

by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Silverpoint drawing of Mozart by Dora Stock, 1789
Mozart, silverpoint by Dora Stock, 1789 — last authenticated portrait

莫扎特为独奏钢琴写作的b小调 Adagio（K. 708）是一段短小、未完成的残篇，成于1788年初，普遍被视为后来b小调 Adagio K. 540的初步草稿。作品仅以19世纪的抄本形式留存，却为我们提供了难得的窗口，得以窥见莫扎特在塑造其最凝练的键盘语句之一时的思路。

已知情况

b小调 Adagio K. 708 以不完整的键盘乐残篇形式流传下来；它并非出自莫扎特亲笔手稿，而是由维也纳收藏家阿洛伊斯·福克斯（Aloys Fuchs）在19世纪抄录保存。莫扎特音乐学院（Mozarteum）的目录将其定年为维也纳，1788年1月至2月，并指出：调性与速度标记的结合，使其极有可能是完成稿b小调 Adagio K. 540的早期草稿；后者由莫扎特于1788年3月19日记入他自己的主题目录。[1] 该残篇在《新莫扎特全集》（Neue Mozart-Ausgabe）中作为独立钢琴小品收入并加以整理出版。[2]

音乐内容

由于现存来源只是一页抄本，且乐思中途断裂，K. 708更适合被视为作曲上的“起点”，而不是一首可演奏、结构自足的乐章。可以较为确定的是：在形成K. 540那种完全展开、修辞性更为宽广的结构之前，莫扎特已经确立了作品最核心的表达框架——Adagio的速度，以及格外幽暗的b小调调性。[1]

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[1] Mozarteum (Köchel Verzeichnis) entry for K. 708: source transmission (Aloys Fuchs copy), dating (Vienna, Jan–Feb 1788), and relationship to K. 540.

[2] Digital Mozart Edition (Neue Mozart-Ausgabe) table of contents for NMA IX/27/2 showing K. 708 as an *Adagio in b (fragment)* among the piano pieces.